Anti-infectious and Anti-tumor Activities of β-glucans.

Researchers
Vetvicka V, Vetvickova J.
Affiliations
Department of Pathology, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY
Impact Factor

1.99 (Average in this area is 4-4.5)

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32487608

Abstract

Background/aim: The aim of this study was to directly compare the anti-infectious and anti-cancer effects of five commercially available glucans. Materials and methods: We used five different glucans isolated from algae, yeast, bacteria, oat, and mushroom. We compared their effects on the stimulation of phagocytosis of blood cells, on the secretion of IL-2, and on the inhibition of melanoma and breast and lung cancers. In addition, we evaluated the effects of glucan supplementation on two experimental models of infection. Results: Most of the tested glucans stimulated phagocytosis and IL-2 secretion, reduced cancer growth, and ameliorated some effects of experimental infections. Conclusion: Glucans can produce significant pleiotropic effects, but the activity varies among individual samples.

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Beta-glucan enhances complement-mediated hematopoietic recovery after bone marrow injury
Myelotoxic injury in the bone marrow (BM) as a consequence of total body irradiation (TBI) or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) mobilization results in the deposition of iC3b on BM stroma (stroma-iC3b). In the present study, we have examined how stroma-iC3b interacts with hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) and the role of…
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Beta-glucan functions as an adjuvant for monoclonal antibody immunotherapy by…
The tumor-killing mechanisms available to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs; e.g., antagonism of growth factor receptors, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity) limit efficacy. Previous studies suggested that i.v. beta-glucan might function as an adjuvant for antitumor mAbs. beta- Glucan had been shown to function via the iC3b-receptor complement receptor 3 (CR3; CD11b/CD18) thereby enhancing…
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Beta-glucan-indomethacin combination produces no lethal effects.
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Beta-glucan, a "specific" biologic response modifier that uses antibodies to…
This investigation explored mechanisms of tumor therapy with soluble beta-glucan in mice.
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Beta-glucans and cancer: The influence of inflammation and gut peptide.
This article reviews the effects of different enriched β-glucan food consumption on immune responses, inflammation, gut hormone and cancer. Gut hormones are influenced by enriched β-glucan food consumption and levels of such peptide as YY, ghrelin, glucagon-like peptide 1 and 2 in humans influence serum glucose concentration as well as…
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Beta-glucans in higher fungi and their health effects.
Together with chitin, the beta-glucans are components of mycetes' cell walls. A high level of biological efficiency has been found in beta-glucans, especially beta-1,3-D-glucans and beta-1,6-D-glucans isolated from some basidiomycetes. (Biological efficiency refers to the relative ability of beta-glucans to promote a desired response, for example to induce leukocyte activation…
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beta-Glucans in promoting health: prevention against mutation and cancer
The polysaccharides beta-glucans occur as a principal component of the cellular walls. Some microorganisms, such as yeast and mushrooms, and also cereals such as oats and barley, are of economic interest because they contain large amounts of beta-glucans.
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Beta-glucans, history, and the present: immunomodulatory aspects and mechanisms of…
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Beverage Containing Dispersible Yeast β-Glucan Decreases Cold/Flu Symptomatic Days After…
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Bioactive fungal polysaccharides as potential functional ingredients in food and…
Fungal bioactive polysaccharides deriving mainly from the Basidiomycetes family (and some from the Ascomycetes) and medicinal mushrooms have been well known and widely used in far Asia as part of traditional diet and medicine, and in the last decades have been the core of intense research for the understanding and…
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Bioactive substances with anti-neoplastic efficacy from marine invertebrates: Bryozoa, Mollusca,…
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Biological Effects of the Immunomodulator β1‐3d Polyglucose are Strongly Potentiated…
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Biological Markers of Oxidative Stress in Cardiovascular Diseases: After so…
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Biological properties of (1 → 3)-β-D-glucan-based synthetic oligosaccharides.
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Biology and Chemistry of Beta Glucan - Volume 1:Beta Glucans…
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Biomedical applications of laminarin.
This review provides a brief overview on laminarin characteristics, modification strategies and highlights its pivotal biomedical applications.
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Biosynthesis of pneumocandin lipopeptides and perspectives for its production and…
Recently, the biosynthetic steps leading to formation of pneumocandin B0 and echinocandin B have been elucidated, and thus, provide a framework and attractive model for further design new antifungal therapeutics around natural variations in echinocandin structural diversities via genetic and chemical tools. In this article, we analyze the biosynthetic pathway…
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C5a-mediated leukotriene B4-amplified neutrophil chemotaxis is essential in tumor immunotherapy…
Intravenous and orally administered beta-glucans promote tumor regression and survival by priming granulocyte and macrophage C receptor 3 (CR3, iC3bR and CD11b/CD18) to trigger the cytotoxicity of tumor cells opsonized with iC3b via anti-tumor Abs.
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Can dietary oats promote health?
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Carbohydrate Conjugates in Vaccine Developments.
With their biocompatibility, ease for modification, and the ability to interact with the immune system through multiple mechanisms, carbohydrates provide a great variety of choices to meet the various needs for vaccine studies.
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Cathepsin D--many functions of one aspartic protease.
For years, it has been held that cathepsin D (CD) is involved in rather non-specific protein degradation in a strongly acidic milieu of lysosomes. Studies with CD knock-out mice revealed that CD is not necessary for embryonal development, but it is indispensable for postnatal tissue homeostasis
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Cathepsin D: Autoantibody profiling as a diagnostic marker for cancers.
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Cellular and molecular effects of yeast probiotics on cancer.
This study reviews some of the health-beneficial effects of probiotic yeasts and their biological substances like folic acid and β-glucan on cancer and focuses on the possible cellular and molecular mechanisms of probiotic yeasts such as influencing pathogenic bacteria, inactivation of carcinogenic compounds, especially those derived from food, improvement of…
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Changes of endogenous melatonin and protective effect of dietcontaining pleuran…
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Characterizationof the hypercholesterolemic potential of oat bran.
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Chemical treatment of tumors. Isolation of the hemorrhage-producing fraction from…
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Chemistry, physico-chemistry and applications linked to biological activities of β-glucans.
β-Glucans is the common name given to a group of chemically heterogeneous polysaccharides. They are long- or short-chain polymers of (1-->3)-β-linked glucose moieties which may be branched, with the branching chains linked to the backbone by a (1-->6)-β linkage. β-(1-->3)-Glucans are widely distributed in bacteria, algae, fungi and plants, where…
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Cholesterol-lowering effect of the mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus in hereditary hypercholesterolemic…
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Cholesterol-lowering effects of maitake (Grifola frondosa) fiber, shiitake (Lentinus edodes)…
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Clinical effect of sizofiran combined with irradiation in cervical cancer…
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Clinical efficacy of lentinan on neoplastic diseases.
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Clinical evaluation of schizophyllan (SGP) in advanced gastric cancer –…
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Clinical features in proven and probable invasive fungal disease in…
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Clinical trials of yeast-derived β-(1,3) glucan in children: effects on…
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Combination of glucan, resveratrol and vitamin C demonstrates strong anti-tumor…
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Combination therapy of radiation and Sizofiran (SPG) on the tumor…
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Combination Therapy with Glucan and Coenzyme Q(10) in Murine Experimental…
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Combined modality radioprotection: the use of glucan and selenium with…
Glucan, WR-2721, and selenium, three agents with distinct radioprotective mechanisms, were evaluated in C3H/HeN mice for survival-enhancing and hemopoietic-regenerating effects when administered alone or in combinations before exposure to 60Co radiation.
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Comparative effects of soluble and particulate glucans on survival in…
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Comparative tumor-inhibitory and anti-bacterialactivity of soluble and particulate glucan.
A soluble fraction of particulate glucan was prepared and evaluated for its anti-tumor and anti-bacterial activity.
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Comparison of immunological properties of various bioactive combinations.
The aim of this study was to compare different kinds of beta glucans and their immunomodulatory activities.
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Concentration of NK cells after β-glucan and vitamin D supplementation…
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Conformation-dependent change in antitumor activity of linear and branched (1----3)-beta-D-glucans…
The antitumor activity of (1----3)-beta-D-glucans was tested in order to clarify its conformation-dependent response together with conformational elucidation by carbon-13 nuclear magnetic resonance (13C-NMR) spectroscopy. It was shown that the following three conformations, single chain, single helix and triple helix, are readily distinguished by the high-resolution solid-state 13C-NMR method.
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Consumption of oat milk for 5 weeks lowers serum cholesterol…
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Consumption of β-glucans to spice up T cell treatment of…
This review summarizes timely reports with respect to absorption, trafficking and immune stimulatory effects of β-glucans, particularly in relation to innate immune cells. Furthermore, we list effects toward well-being and immune functions in healthy subjects as well as cancer patients treated with orally administered β-glucans, extended with effects of β-glucan…
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Contribution of dectin-1 and granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) to…
In this review, we describe how the key molecules related to the expression of the immunomodulating activities of beta-glucan were identified, and how the response to beta-glucan is controlled.
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Coriolus versicolor polysaccharopeptide as an immunotherapeutic in China.
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Correlation between immunological activity, molar mass, and molecular structure of…
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Could the Induction of Trained Immunity by β-Glucan Serve as…
As the SARS-CoV-2 virus wreaks havoc on the populations, health care infrastructures and economies of nations around the world, finding ways to protect health care workers and bolster immune responses in the general population while we await an effective vaccine will be the difference between life and death for many…
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CR3 (CD11b, CD18): a phagocyte and NK cell membrane receptor…
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Cross-Flow Ultrafiltration Fractions of a Cold Aqueous Extract of the…
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Crude extract from Libidibia ferrea (Mart. ex. Tul.) L.P. Queiroz…
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Curative effects of combination therapy with lentinan and interleukin-2 against…
The antitumor activity of a combination of an antitumor polysaccharide, lentinan (a beta 1-3 glucan with beta 1-6 branches), and interleukin-2 (IL-2) was evaluated against established MBL-2 lymphoma and S908.D2 sarcoma at i.d. sites.
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Curdlan derivatives able to enhance cytostatic drugs activity ontumor cells.
All the investigated Curdlan derivatives (SP, Palm CM/SP, CM/SP, Palm CM, Palm SP and CM) were able to inhibit HEp-2 tumor cell growth, by up-regulating Doxorubicin and Actinomycin D cytostatic activity.
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Cytokines affect procathepsin D-stimulated proliferation of breast cancer cells.
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Cytostatic and Anti-tumor Potential of Ajwa Date Pulp against Human…
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Dectin-1 Binding to Annexins on Apoptotic Cells Induces Peripheral Immune…
Here, we identify Dectin-1 as a crucial tolerogenic receptor binding with nanomolar affinity to the core domain of several annexins (annexin A1, A5, and A13) exposed on ACs. Annexins bind to Dectin-1 on a site distinct from the interaction site of pathogen-derived β-glucans.
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Depletion of procathepsin D gene expression by RNA interference: a…
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Development of Fish Immunity and the Role of β-Glucan in…
From VV (via email w/ AJ) Comprehensive state-of-the-art review of glucan in aquaculture, particular in fish farming.
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Diagnosis and treatment of Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia in HIV-infected or…
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Diagnosis of Fungal Infections. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Supporting…
Rationale: Prompt diagnosis of invasive fungal infections is important because of the associated morbidity and mortality; however, diagnosis is challenging because of the nonspecific symptoms and radiographic findings.Objectives: To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of serum and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) galactomannan (GM)…
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Diagnostic Accuracy of β-d-Glucan (Fungitell) Testing Among Patients With Hematologic…
We screened 12,426 references and identified 189 studies for full-text review. Nineteen studies were included in the final meta-analysis. There was moderate heterogeneity between studies. Nine studies had a high risk of bias, which significantly elevated the overall specificity estimate. Restricting to only low-bias studies, the sensitivity and specificity were…
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Dietary administration of β-1,3/1,6-glucanand probiotic strain Shewanella putrefaciens, signle or…
It is widely known that β-glucans and probiotic bacteria are good immunostimulants for fish.
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Dietary fibre and cardiovascular health: a review of current evidence…
Dietary fibre comprises many different, mainly plant-based, compounds that are not fully digested in the human gut. Insoluble fibres include cellulose, hemi-celluloses and lignin and soluble fibres include pectins, β-glucan and hydro-colloids. In the UK, the daily recommended amount has increased to 30 g but only 13 % of men…
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Dietary modulation of the human colonic microbiota: introducing the concept…
By combining the rationale of pro- and prebiotics, the concept of synbiotics is proposed to characterize some colonic foods with interesting nutritional properties that make these compounds candidates for classification as health-enhancing functional food ingredients.
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Dietary oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) accelerates plasma cholesterol turnover in…
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Dietary patterns and stroke: A systematic review and re-meta-analysis.
The effect of diet on the development of stroke has recently achieved much interest by various research groups, but with inconclusive results. The aim of the present review was to systematically present and discuss the up to date available research regarding the relationship between adherence to dietary patterns and stroke.
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Dietary roles of non-starch polysaccharides in human nutrition: a review.
The remarkable properties of dietary NSPs are water dispersibility, viscosity effect, bulk, and fermentibility into short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). These features may lead to diminished risk of serious diet related diseases which are major problems in Western countries and are emerging in developing countries with greater affluence. These conditions…
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Diets containing soluble oat extracts improve glucose and insulin responses…
The high amount of soluble beta-glucans in oats may be responsible for beneficial effects on glucose tolerance and blood lipids.
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Direct binding to Toll-like receptor 2 to zymosan, and zymosan-induced…
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Direct enhancement of the phagocytic and bactericidalcapability of abdominal macrophage…
Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is the major zoonotic and intracellular pathogen. Different strategies have been developed to prevent the S. Enteritidis infection. The beta-1,3-1,6-glucan of Schizophyllum commune was used as an immunological booster to determine the minimal dietary level of beta-glucan that would restrict S. Enteritidis infection through the effects…
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Distribution of grifolan NMF-5N (I/B), a chemically modified antitumor beta-glucan…
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Diversity of complement activation bylentinan, an antitumor polysaccharide, in gastric…
From VV (via email w/ AJ) First use of glucan as an immunoadjuvant therapy for cancer.
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Dose-dependent hypocholesterolaemic effect of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) in rats
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Dose-dependent responses of murine pluripotent stem cells and myeloid and…
From VV (via email w/ AJ) - Described the ability of glucan to stimulate hematopoiesis, leading to observation of enhancement of bone marrow recovery and reversion of myelosuppression.
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Dual role of cathepsin D: ligand and protease.
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Dynamics of blood components and peritoneal fluid during treatment of…
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Early cellular responses in the peritoneal cavity of mice to…
The early cellular responses to antitumor immunomodulators and conventional inducers, especially the polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMN) responses, were examined in the peritoneal cavity of mice to investigate their effect on primary defense mechanisms.
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Early treatment of high risk chronic lymphocytic leukemia with alemtuzumab,…
We conclude that PGG beta glucan, alemtuzumab and rituximab treatment is tolerable and results in a high complete response rate.
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Effect of BETA 1, 3/1, 6 GLUCAN on Upper Respiratory…
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Effect of beta glucan on white blood cell counts and…
This randomized double-blind placebo-controlled clinical trial was conducted on 30 women with breast carcinoma aged 28-65 years. The eligible participants were randomly assigned to intervention (n=15) or placebo (n=15) groups using a block randomization procedure with matching based on age, course of chemotherapy and menopause status. Patients in the intervention…
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Effect of beta-1,3 glucan and other immunomodulators of microbial origin…
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Effect of beta-glucan from oats and yeast on serum lipids
In this review, two sources of beta-glucan are described; one source is oats and the other yeast. From VV (via email w/ AJ) Description of two different glucans and their role in lowering serum lipids including cholesterol.
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Effect of brewer’s yeast (Saccharomycescerevisiae) extract on selected parameters of…
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Effect of glucan on neutrophil dynamics and immune function in…
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Effect of macrophage stimulationon collagen biosynthesis in the healing wound.
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Effect of mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus and isolated fungal polysaccharide on…
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Effect of oat bran supplemented diet on hypercholesterolaemia
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Effect of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus Ostreatus) and its ethanolic extract…
The effect of the diet containing 5% of powdered oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) or an equivalent amount of mushroom ethanolic extract on cholesterol content in serum and liver, on its distribution in lipoproteins, absorption and turnover was studied in male Wistar rats (initial body weight about 70 g) fed a…
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Effect of pleuran (beta-glucan from Pleurotus ostreatus) on the antioxidant…
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Effect of procathepsin D activation peptide on gene expression of…
In this investigation, gene expression profiles were compared between AP-treated and control human breast cancer ZR-75-1 cells to elucidate the mechanism of AP mitogenicity.
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Effect of processing on barley β-glucan content, its molecular weight…
β-Glucan is the most unique polysaccharide of barley which is associated with numerous health benefits including reduction of cholesterol, manage post postprandial blood glucose levels and acts as an anti-cancerous agent. Since food grains including barley are consumed after processing and it may alter the solubility, molecular weight and extractability…
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Effect of shiitake (Lentinus edodes) and maitake (Grifola frondosa) mushrooms…
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Effect of soluble fungal (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan obtained from Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on…
In this study, we examined the effect of systemic administration of SSG, a soluble highly branched (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan obtained from a fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum IFO 9395, on pulmonary immune responses in mice.
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Effect of Sophy β-glucan onimmunity and growth performance in broiler…
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Effect of ultrasonicated carboxymethylglucan on cyclosphosphamide induced mutagenicity.
Carboxymethylglucan (CMG) with ultrasonically lowered molecular weight (0.89 x 10(5)) was administered either intraperitoneally, intravenously or orally prior to cyclophosphamide (CP) injection and its effect on the frequency of micronuclei in mouse bone marrow was evaluated.
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Effectiveness of beta-glucan collagen for treatmentof partial-thickness burns in children.
Partial-thickness burns in children can be effectively treated with BGC with good results, even in infants and toddlers. BGC markedly simplifies wound care for the patient and family and seems to significantly decrease postinjury pain.
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Effects of an oat bran concentrate on serum lipids in…
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Effects of beta-glucan on intestinal anastomoses in ratmodel.
Due to significant increases in anastomotic bursting pressures and tissue hydroxyproline levels and considering the inhibitory effect of β-Glucan on epithelial damage, edema, and submucosal-muscular layer damage, β-Glucan was thought to contribute to the healing of the anastomosis.
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Effects of curcumin on Helicobacter pylori infection.
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Effects of dietary fiber and its components on metabolic health.
Epidemiological and clinical studies demonstrate that intake of dietary fiber and whole grain is inversely related to obesity, type two diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Defining dietary fiber is a divergent process and is dependent on both nutrition and analytical concepts. The most common and accepted definition is based…
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Effects of Glucan and Vitamin D Supplementation on Obesity and…
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Effects of glucan on bone marrow.
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Effects of glucan on immunosuppressive actions of mercury.
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Effects of glucan on the reticuloendothelial system and on the…
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Effects of glucomannan isolated from Candida utilis on adjuvant arthritis…
The results suggestthat Candida utilis cell-wall GM is a potential immunomodulativeagent in treating exaggerated neutrophilic inflammationaccompanying arthritis and thus GM seems to be beneficial forrheumatoid arthritis therapy.
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Effects of increasing quantities of oat bran in hypercholesterolemic people
The effects of increasing quantities of oat bran on plasma lipids were examined in 40 hypercholesterolemic men and women.
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Effects of Lentinus edodes, Grifola frondosa and Pleurotus ostreatus administration…
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Effects of marine beta-1,3 glucan on immune reactions.
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Effects of oat gum on blood cholesterol levels in healthy…
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Effects of orally administered yeast-derived beta-glucans: a review.
In human trials, orally administered Y-BG significantly reduced the incidence of upper respiratory tract infections in individuals susceptible to upper respiratory tract infections, whereas significant differences were not seen in healthy individuals. Increased salivary IgA in healthy individuals, increased IL-10 levels in obese subjects, beneficial changes in immunological parameters in…
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Effects of particulate beta-1,3 glucan on human, rat, and guinea…
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Effects of Pleuran (β-glucan isolated from Pleurotus ostreatus)on experimental colitis…
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Effects of postirradiation carboxymethylglucan administration in mice
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Effects of pre- and post-irradiation glucan treatment on pluripotent stem…
Glucan, a beta-1,3 polyglucose, was administered to mice either 1 h before or 1 h after a 650 rad exposure to cobalt-60 radiation. Compared to radiation controls, glucan-treated mice consistently exhibited a more rapid recovery of pluripotent stem cells and committed granulocyte, macrophage, and erythroid progenitor cells. This may partially…
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Effects of sizofiran on endotoxin-enhanced cold ischemia-reperfusion injury of the…
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Effects of the czech propolis on sperm mitochondrial function.
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Effects of Transfer Point Glucan #300 Supplementation on Children exposed…
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Effects of yeast-derived beta-glucans on blood cholesterol and macrophage functionality.
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Effects of β-glucan and Vitamin D Supplementation on Inflammatory Parameters…
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Effects of β-glucan from Aureobasidium pullulans on acute inflammation in…
The effects of beta-glucan isolated from Aureobasidium pullulans were observed on acute xylene-induced inflammation.
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Effects of β-glucan on some environmental toxins: An overview.
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Effects of β-glucans from Coriolus versicolor on macrophage phagocytosis are…
Coriolus versicolor has been known to be an immune stimulator effects.
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Effects of β-glucans on benign hyperplasia of prostate
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Efficacy of biological response modifier lentinan with chemotherapy for advanced…
This study was sought to evaluate the efficacy of adjuvant lentinan combined with chemotherapy for advanced cancer. A meta-analysis of published prospective controlled trials investigating the effects of lentinan for kinds of advanced cancer was performed. Sensitivity analysis, inverted funnel plots, and trial sequence analysis were conducted to explore the…
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Efficiency of polysaccharide translam for early treatment of acute radiation…
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Encapsulated Microparticles of (1→6)-β-d-Glucan Containing Extract of Baccharis dracunculifolia: Production…
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Endometriosis and cancer.
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Endometriosis and ovarian cancer.
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Endometriosis and risk of ovarian cancer: what do we know?
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Enhanced anti-lung carcinoma and anti-biofilm activity of fungal molecules mediated…
These results indicated that T-ZnO NPs and T-β-D-glu-ZnO NPs induced the cancer cell death through necrosis and apoptosis pathway, respectively. The antibacterial results indicated that the NPs treatment were significantly inhibited the growth of the Staphylococcus aureus inside of roundworm and enhanced growth of roundworm. Overall, anticancer and in vitro,…
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Enhancement by carboxymethylglucan of early cellular damage in 1 Gy-irradiated…
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Enhancement of hematopoietic recovery in gamma-irradiated mice by the joint…
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Enhancement of polymorphonuclear leukocyte-mediated tumor cytotoxicity by serum factor(s)
It has been reported that beta-1,3-D-glucan isolated from Alcaligenes faecalis (TAK) promoted tumor cytolysis by mouse polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN). We investigated the effect of serum on mouse PMN tumor cytolysis induced by TAK and other PMN stimulators.
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Enhancement ofperipheral blood CD8+ T cells and classical swine fewer…
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Enhancing cancer vaccines with immunomodulators.
This article reviews clinical trials that have evaluated these approaches, and highlights promising combination vaccine/immunomodulator combination treatments based upon published clinical trial results.
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Enhancing effects of new biological response modifier beta-1,3 glucan sulfate…
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Evaluation of a special combination of glucan with organic selenium…
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Evaluation of biomarkers: Galactomannan and 1,3-beta-D-glucan assay for the diagnosis…
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Evaluation of genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of H2O2 and DMNQ…
Utilizing primary rat hepatocytes we investigated the potential antimutagenic and anti-cytotoxic effects of carboxymethyl chitin-glucan (CM-CG) with respect to oxidative stress induced by the model free-radical-generating compounds hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) or 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-naphthoquinone (DMNQ). Different kinds of CM-CG action were studied by two different treatment protocols: a. pre-incubation of freshly isolated…
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Evaluation of the toxicity of concentrated barley β-glucanin a 28-day…
Results of this study demonstrated that consumption of concentrated barley beta-glucan was not associated with any obvious signs of toxicity in Wistar rats even following consumption of large quantities.
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Evidence for involvement of beta-glucan-binding cell surface lectins in human…
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Evidence that tumor necrosis induced by aminated beta 1-3D polyglucose…
Aminated beta 1-3D polyglucose (AG) causes regression of Meth A sarcoma in syngeneic mice when injected systemically on day 7 after tumour inoculation. AG does not concentrate in the tumour, but distributes throughout the body.
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Evolutionary paradox of immunity.
Overview on the Evolution of Immunity
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Exposure to biohazards in wood dust: bacteria, fungi, endotoxins, and…
Personal exposure to fungi, bacteria, endotoxin, and (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan was determined at different woodworking sites--logging sites, sawmills, woodchipping sites, and joineries.
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Follow-up formula consumption in 3- to 4-year-olds and respiratory infections:…
Our objective was to determine if a follow-up formula (FUF) containing DHA, the prebiotics PDX and GOS, and yeast β-glucan affects incidence of respiratory infections and diarrheal disease in healthy children.
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Fucoidans Stimulate Immune Reaction and Suppress Cancer Growth.
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Functional activities of beta-glucans in the prevention or treatment of…
Recent studies with focusing on their influence on cytotoxic and helper T cells, APCs, inflammatory pathways, and oxidative burst (by using reactive oxygen species to destroy cells.) have revealed that they can also have some anti-cancer properties. Even so the main mechanisms in which these glucans function are inducing the…
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Fungal b-glucan, a Dectin-a ligand, promotes protectionfrom Type 1 diabetes…
β-Glucans are naturally occurring polysaccharides in cereal grains, mushrooms, algae, or microbes, including bacteria, fungi, and yeast. Immune cells recognize these β-glucans through a cell surface pathogen recognition receptor called Dectin-1. Studies using β-glucans and other Dectin-1 binding components have demonstrated the potential of these agents in activating the immune…
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Fungal Exocellular (1-6)-β-d-glucan: Carboxymethylation, Characterization, and Antioxidant Activity.
Exocellular (1→6)-β-d-glucan (lasiodiplodan) produced by the fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae MMPI was derivatized by carboxymethylation using different concentrations of a derivatizing agent. Lasiodiplodan was derivatized by carboxymethylation in an attempt to increase its solubility and enhance its biological activities.
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Fungal mediated innate immune memory, what have we learned?
This review aims at presenting the newly described aspect of memory in innate immunity with an emphasis on the historically fungal mediated one, covering the known molecular mechanisms associated with training. In addition, the review uncovers the numerous non-specific effect that β-glucans trigger in the context of infectious diseases and…
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Galactomannan, β-D-Glucan, and Polymerase Chain Reaction-Based Assays for the Diagnosis…
All fungal biomarkers demonstrated highly variable sensitivity, specificity and positive predictive values, and these were generally poor in both clinical settings. GM negative predictive values were high, ranging from 85-100% for screening and 70-100% in the diagnostic setting, but failure to identify non-Aspergillus molds limits its usefulness. Future work could…
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Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide improves rat DSS-induced colitis by altering cecal…
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Ganoderma sinense polysaccharide: An adjunctive drug used for cancer treatment.
Both basic and preclinical studies showed that GSP has antitumor, antioxidant, anticytopenia, and unique mushroom-poison detoxification properties that are different from that of GLPS. Our goal is to provide a molecular picture that would allow in-depth evaluation of GSP as one of few glycan-based drugs that has been used as…
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Generation of recombinant fragments ofCD11b expressing the functional β-glucan-binding lectin…
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Glucan and humic acid: synergistic effects on the immune system.
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Glucan and Mannan-Two Peas in a Pod.
This review focused on the biological properties of glucan and glucomannan.
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Glucan and resveratrol complex--possible synergistic effects on immune system.
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Glucan and Vitamin D supplementation showed synergy in improvements of…
In this study we aimed to evaluate the possible effects of a combination of glucan and vitamin C on immunosuppression caused by influenza infection.
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Glucan as stimulator of hematopoiesis in normal and gamma-irradiated mice.…
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Glucan enhances survival in an intraabdominal infection model
We conclude from these results that (i) neither glucan preparation alone effectively enhances survival following CL/P when using the doses and administration schedule employed herein, (ii) both glucan-P and glucan-F do act synergistically with antibiotics to enhance survival in this rat model of polymicrobial sepsis, and (iii) in this particular…
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Glucan improves impaired wound healing in diabeticrats.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a contributing factor to impaired wound healing in humans. A large body of evidence indicates that the diabetic state is associated with delayed or reduced wound repair capacity. The present study was designed to evaluate the efficacy of glucan on improving abdominal wall wound healing in…
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Glucan supplementation enhances the immune response against an influenza challenge…
The strong immunostimulating potential of β-glucans has been well established in numerous diseases. However, the effects on viral infection were less studied. From VV (via email w/ AJ) One of the rare studies of glucan effects on viral infection.
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Glucan Supplementation Has Strong Anti-melanoma Effects: Role of NK Cells.
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Glucan Supplementation Regulates Secretory Immunity and Stress
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Glucan-immunostimulant, adjuvant, potential drug.
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Glucan-induced disease resistance in tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon)
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Glucan-induced enhancement of host resistance to selected infectious diseases
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Glucan-induced hemopoietic and immune stimulation: therapeutic effects in sublethally and…
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Glucan-induced modificationof murine viral hepatitis.
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Glucan-like synthetic oligosaccharides: iterative synthesis of linear oligo-beta-(1,3)-glucans and immunostimulatory…
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Glucan-many faces of one molecule.
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Glucan–resveratrol–vitamin C combination offers protection against toxic agents.
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Glucan: mechanisms involved in its "radioprotective" effect
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Glucans and Cancer: Comparison of Commercially Available β-glucans - Part…
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Glucans as biological response modifiers
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Glucans as immunological adjuvans.In: Immunobiology of Proteins and Peptides VIII,…
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Glucans as New Anticancer Agents.
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Glucans from the edible mushroom Pletotus pulmonarius inhibitcolitis-associated colon carcinogenesis…
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Grains
A low intake of whole grains is actually the leading dietary risk factor for death and disease in the USA. Few healthy grains are discussed in this chapter that can help prevent health problems like heart diseases, diabetes, and cancers.
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Guar gum different from Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide in alleviating colorectal…
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Haemopoiesis-enhancing effects of repeatedly administered carboxymethylglucan in mice exposed to…
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Hematopoietic recovery in repeatedly irradiated mice can be enhanced by…
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Heme oxygenase-1-Dependent anti-inflammatory effects of atorvastatin in zymosan-injected subcutaneous air…
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Hemopoiesis stimulating and radioprotective effects of carboxymethylglucan
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Hemopoietic effects of intravenous soluble glucan administration
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Hepatic LDL receptor mRNA in rats is increased by dietary…
Plasma cholesterol concentration is reduced by feeding some dietary fibers and mushroom fruit body, but the mechanism is not fully understood. We examined the effects of mushroom (Agaricus bisporus) fiber and sugar beet fiber on serum cholesterol and hepatic LDL receptor mRNA in rats.
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Histopathologic effects of soluble glucan and WR-2721, independently and combined…
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Historial overview of biologic response modifiers.
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Honey: An immunomodulator in wound healing.
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Host-mediated antitumor effect of grifolan NMF-5N, a polysaccharide obtained from…
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Humic acid and glucan: protection against liver injury induced by…
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Hydrogen peroxide as a tumoricidal mediator of murine polymorphonuclear leukocytes…
In the present study, we investigated the mechanism of the tumoricidal activity of PMN induced by these immunomodulators and especially TAK.
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Hypocholesterolemic effects of oat-bran or bean intake for hypercholesterolemic men
Oat or bean products, rich in water-soluble fiber, have distinct hypocholesterolemic effects in humans. After a control diet, 20 hypercholesterolemic men were randomly allocated to oat-bran or bean supplemented diets for 21 days on a metabolic ward.
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Hypolipidemic Effects of β-Glucans, Mannans, and Fucoidans: Mechanism of Action…
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IgG-4 related disease in ophthalmology.
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Immune enhancing effects of WB365, a novel combination of Ashwagandha…
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Immune modulating effects of β-glucan.
β-Glucans have been investigated for their ability to protect against infection and cancer and more recently for their therapeutic potential when combined with cancer therapy. Their immune modulating effects are attributed to the ability to bind to pattern recognition receptors including complement receptor 3, scavenger receptors, lactosylceramide, and dectin-1 that…
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Immune Pharmacodynamic Responses of the Novel Cancer Immunotherapeutic Imprime PGG…
Imprime PGG (Imprime) is an i.v. administered, yeast β-1,3/1,6 glucan in clinical development with checkpoint inhibitors. Imprime-mediated innate immune activation requires immune complex formation with naturally occurring IgG anti-β glucan Abs (ABA).
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Immune reaction induced by X-rays and pions and its stimulation…
Female C57BL/6 mice aged 6-8 weeks with transplanted Lewis lung cancer cells were used to investigate the anti-tumour effects and immune reactions in tumour tissue induced by X-ray and pion irradiation and their modification by schizophyllan (SPG). The effect of SPG on the rate of lung metastasis and the survival…
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Immune-enhancing effects of Maitake (Grifola frondosa) and Shiitake (Lentinula edodes)…
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Immunity in cancer and atherosclerosis.
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Immunization against Trypanosoma cruzi: adjuvant effect of glucan
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Immunological aspects of endometriosis: a review.
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Immunological effects of yeast- and mushroom-derived beta-glucans.
The aim of this study was to compare mushroom and yeast derived beta glucans and their immunomodulatory activities.
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Immunomodulating Effects Exerted by Glucans Extracted from the King Oyster…
Using dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-in-flammatory bowel disease (IBD) mice model, we measured the colonic inflammatory response to the different glucan preparations.
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Immunomodulating effects of oral administration ofPSK. II. Its effects on…
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Immunomodulation and cancer.
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Immunomodulation by orally administered beta-glucan in mice
Orally administered SSG, a beta-1,3-glucan obtained from the culture filtrate of the fungus Sclerotinia sclerotiorum IFO 9395, was examined for effects on immune responses in mice.
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Immunomodulators in infectious diseases: panoply of possibilities.
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Immunopharmacological and immunotoxicological activities of a water-soluble (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan, CSBG from…
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Immunoprotection by beta-1,3 glucan antigen combination in Plasmodium berghei infection…
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Immunostimulating properties of two different β-Glucans isolated from maitake mushrooms…
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Immunostimulatory effects of certain substances in experimental ascaridiasis in pigs.
The immunomodulative effects of little effective purified glucan increased when combined with porcine immunoglobulin and zinc. The results are significant from the aspect of the nonspecific stimulation of immunity in ascariasis and in some other helminthoses.
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Immunostimulatory properties and antitumor activities of glucan.
We briefly review the characteristics of the glucans from mycelial walls as modulators of the immunity and their possible use as antitumor treatments.
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Immunotherapeutic modification of Escherichia coli--induced experimental peritonitis and bacteremia by…
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Improvement in the effects of radiation therapy with BRM
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Improving skinfunction with CM-glucan, a biological response modifier from yeast.
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In vitro and in vivo hematopoietic activities of Betafectin PGGglucan.
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In vivo activation of mouse macrophages with beta-1,3-D-glucan-derivatized plastic beads
Macrophages obtained from animals treated with beta-1,3-D-glucan-derivatized plastic beads were greatly stimulated, as judged by morphology, esterase release, and cytostatic effect on L-929 tumour cells in vitro.
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In Vivo Activation of Mouse Macrophages with β‐l,3‐D‐Glucan‐Derivatized Plastic Beads
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Induction of endogenous lymphokine-activated killer activity by combined administration of…
Lymphokine-activated killer activity in vivo (endogenous LAK activity) was found to be augmented by combined administration of lentinan, a beta (1-3) glucan with beta-1,6 branches, and interleukin 2 (IL-2).
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Infection prevention in patients with severe multiple trauma with the…
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Influence of dietary glucan and vitamin C on non-specific andspecific…
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Influence of water and ethanol extracts of the oyster mushroom…
Extracts from the dried and ground fungus were prepared with water and with 30%, 60% and 85% ethanol, and thickened in vacuum. The whole fungus and extracts were added to the hyperlipidemic diet in amounts equivalent to 3% of the whole fungus.
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Inhibition and augmentation of lymphoma metastasis by adoptively transferred peritoneal…
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Inhibition of establishment and growth of mouse liver metastases after…
The purpose of this study was to investigate the combined antitumor effect of aminated beta-1,3-D-glucan (AG) and interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) in an experimental liver metastasis model.
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Inhibition of experimental pulmonarymetastasis of Lewis lung carcinoma by orally…
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Inhibition of heparanase activity and tumor metastasis by laminarin sulfate…
Heparanase activity correlates with the metastatic potential of tumor cells. Moreover, the anti-metastatic effect of non-anti-coagulant species of heparin and certain sulfated polysaccharides was attributed to their heparanase-inhibiting activity. We investigated the effect of a chemically sulfated polysaccharide (laminarin), consisting primarily of beta-1,3 glucan (sodium laminarin), and of synthetic phosphorothioate…
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Inhibition of mouse sarcoma 180 by polysaccharides fromLentinus edodes (Berk).…
From VV (via email w/ AJ) Isolated glucan from mushroom shiitake (Lentinula edodes), named it lentinan.
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Inhibition of tumor growth by β-glucans through promoting CD4(+) T…
β-glucans are polysaccharides comprising β-D-glucoses with various bioactivities. Herein, we extracted three β-glucans from Lentinus edodes with different sources and assessed their antitumor activities on a mice model with intragastric, intraperitoneal and intratumoral injection.
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Intestinal anti-inflammatory activity of lentinan: Influence of IL-8 and TNFR1…
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Intratumoral administration of biological preparations--recommendation for integrative medicine
The antitumor effect of biological preparations was examined in a double grafted tumor system. PSK is a hot water extract of cultured mycelia from Coliolus versicolor. Its protein content is about 38% and the main glycoside portion of PSK is beta-D-glucan.
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Iron absorption in rats increased by yeast glucan.
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Isolation and comparison of α- and β-D-glucans from shiitake mushrooms…
A polysaccharide-enriched extract obtained from Lentinula edodes was submitted to several purification steps to separate three different D-glucans with β-(1→6), β-(1→3),(1→6) and α-(1→3) linkages, being characterized through GC-MS, FT-IR, NMR, SEC and colorimetric/fluorimetric determinations.
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Isolation of plasma cholesterol-lowering components from ningyotake (Polyporus confluens) mushroom
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Isolation, characterization, and antitumor activities of the cell wall polysaccharides…
A cell-wall preparation from the cells of Elsinoe leucospila, which produces elsinan extracellularly when grown on sucrose or glucose-potato extract medium, was fractionated systematically.
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Laminarin elicits defense responses in grapevine and induces protection against…
Our data describing a large set of defense reactions in grapevine indicate that the activation of defense responses using elicitors could be a valuable strategy to protect plants against pathogens.
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Lathosterol and other non-cholesterol sterols during treatment of hypercholesterolaemia with…
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Lentinan in-situ coated tungsten oxide nanorods as a nanotherapeutic agent…
Development of high photothermal performance and biocompatible nanotherapeutic agents is of great importance for photothermal cancer treatment. In this paper, we have developed lentinan decorated tungsten oxide nanorods (W18O49@LTN NRs) via a mild one-step solvothermal route.
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Leptin as an immunomodulator.
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Lincomycin protects mice from septic shock in β-glucan-indomethacin model.
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Linear β-1,3 glucans are elicitor of defense responses in tobacco.
Laminarin, a linear beta-1,3 glucan (mean degree of polymerization of 33) was extracted and purified from the brown alga Laminaria digitata.
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Long-term blood cholesterol-lowering effects of a dietary fiber supplement
The study evaluated the blood cholesterol-lowering effects of a dietary supplement of water-soluble fibers (guar gum, pectin) and mostly non-water-soluble fibers (soy fiber, pea fiber, corn bran) in subjects with mild to moderate hypercholesterolemia (LDL cholesterol, 3.37-4.92 mmol/L).
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Long-term treatment of hypercholesterolemia with dietary fiber
To evaluate the hypocholesterolemic effects of long-term treatment (36 to 51 weeks) with a mixture of dietary fibers (guar gum, pectin, soy, pea, corn bran) administered twice a day.
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Lung cancer and β-glucans: review of potential therapeutic applications.
The potential of natural substances with immunotherapeutic properties has long been studied. β-glucans, a cell wall component of certain bacteria and fungi, potentiate the immune system against microbes and toxic substances. Moreover, β-glucans are known to exhibit direct anticancer effects and can suppress cancer proliferation through immunomodulatory pathways. Numerous researchers…
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Macrophage cytotoxicity against murine meth A sarcoma involves nitric oxide-mediated…
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Macrophage stimulation activity of antimicrobial N,N-dimethylaminoethyl paramylon
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Macrophage stimulation reduces the cholesterol levels of stressed and unstressed…
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Maitake mushroom extract in myelodysplastic syndromes(MDS): a phase II study.
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Mechanism by which orally administered beta-glucans enhance the tumoricidal activity…
These granulocytes with CR3-bound beta-1,3-glucan-fluorescein were shown to kill iC3b-opsonized tumor cells following their recruitment to a site of complement activation resembling a tumor coated with mAb.
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Mechanism of hypocholesterolemic effect of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) in…
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Medicinal importance of fungal P-(1 3}, (1 6)..glucans
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Medicinal mushroom: boon for therapeutic applications.
The present review focuses on the comprehensive account of the medicinal properties of various medicinal mushrooms. This will further help the researchers to understand the metabolites and find other metabolites as well from the mushrooms which can be used for the potential development of the drugs to treat various life-threatening…
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Melatonin and cancer: current knowledge and itsapplication to oral cavity…
MLT contributes to protecting the oral cavity from tissue damage caused by receptor action. Experimental evidence suggests that it may be useful in the treatment and prognosis of tumour processes in the oral cavity.
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Meta-analysis of the effect ofβ-glucan intake on blood cholesterol and…
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Modest doses of beta-glucan do not reduce concentrations of potentially…
The effects of a low dose of oat bran in the background diet only were investigated in volunteers with mild-to-moderate hyperlipidemia.
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Modification of post-operative C. albicans sepsis by glucan immunostimulation
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Modulating Toll-like receptor mediated signalingby (1-3)-β-D-glucan rapidly induces cardioprotection.
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Modulation of liver fibrosis and pathological changes in mice infected…
The effects of glucan and liposomized glucan, alone or co-administered with vitamin C, and empty liposomes on hepatic fibrosis in mice infected with Mesocestoides corti (M. vogae) tetrathyridia were studied.
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Modulation of the antitumor effect and tissue distribution of highly…
The action of carrageenan (CAR), a representative blocking reagent for phagocytes, on the antitumor effect and tissue distribution of highly branched (1-->3-beta-D-glucan, SSG, was examined. CAR inhibited the antitumor effect of intraperitoneally administered SSG only when applied before inoculation of the tumor, and had little effect when applied after tumor…
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Molecular cloning and characterization of the β-1,3-glucan recognition protein in…
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Molecular Interactions of β-(1→3)-Glucans with Their Receptors.
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Monoclonal antibody-dependent murine macrophage-mediated cytotoxicity against human tumors is stimulated…
The beta (1----3) glucan lentinan was tested for its capacity to increase the cytotoxic effect of murine peritoneal macrophages for human tumor cells in the presence of monoclonal antibodies (MAbs).
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Multiphoton fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) and super-resolution fluorescence imaging…
A new supramolecular polysaccharide complex, comprising a functionalised coumarin tag featuring a boronic acid and β-d-glucan (a natural product extract from barley, Hordeum Vulgare) was assembled based on the ability of the boronate motif to specifically recognise and bind to 1,2- or 1,3-diols in water.
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Mushroom polysaccharide lentinan for treating different types of cancers: A…
Overall clinical data show solid effect of lentinan on improving the quality of life and on promoting the efficacy of chemotherapy and radiation therapy during cancer treatment.
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Mushroom Polysaccharides: Chemistry and Antiobesity, Antidiabetes, Anticancer, and Antibiotic Properties…
Here we survey the chemistry of such health-promoting polysaccharides and their reported antiobesity and antidiabetic properties as well as selected anticarcinogenic, antimicrobial, and antiviral effects that demonstrate their multiple health-promoting potential. The associated antioxidative, anti-inflammatory, and immunomodulating activities in fat cells, rodents, and humans are also discussed. The mechanisms of…
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Mushrooms, tumors, and immunity
In this paper, we review existing data on the mechanism of whole mushrooms and isolated mushroom compounds, in particular (1-->3)-beta-D-glucans, and the means by which they modulate the immune system and potentially exert tumor-inhibitory effects.
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Mycotherapy of cancer: an update on cytotoxic and antitumor activities…
Mycotherapy is defined as the study of the use of extracts and compounds obtained from mushrooms as medicines or health-promoting agents. The present review updates the recent findings on anticancer/antitumor agents derived from mushroom extracts and their metabolites. The increasing number of studies in the past few years revealed mushroom…
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Nanoplatform Constructed from a β-Glucan and Polydeoxyadenylic Acid for Cancer…
A nanoplatform carrying doxorubicin (Dox) for cancer therapy and a dye for imaging was developed based on a natural triple helix β-glucan (t-LNT) and polydeoxyadenylic acid (poly(dA)). The t-LNT-Dox conjugates were prepared through Schiff-base reaction between the aldehyde group in the oxidized t-LNT and the amino group of Dox, the…
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Natural immunomodulators and their stimulation of immune reaction: true or…
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Natural Macromolecules with Protective and Antitumor Activity.
This review summarizes the literature data regarding plant lectins as novel drug sources in the prevention or treatment of cancer. Moreover, such compounds have been described as natural toxins that possess different biological activities (cytotoxic, antitumor, antimutagenic and anticarcinogenic properties). This activity depends greatly on their structure and affinity. Most…
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New 4-deoxy-(1→3)-β-D-glucan-based oligosaccharides and their immunostimulating potential.
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New and Promising Chemotherapeutics for Emerging Infections Involving Drug-resistant Non-albicans…
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New bioactive compounds from korean native mushrooms.
Mushrooms are ubiquitous in nature and have high nutritional attributes. They have demonstrated diverse biological effects and therefore have been used in treatments of various diseases, including cancer, diabetes, bacterial and viral infections, and ulcer. In particular, polysaccharides, including β-glucan, are considered as the major constituents responsible for the biological…
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New Concepts in Diagnostics for Invasive Mycoses: Non-Culture-Based Methodologies.
The importance of assessing risk and using non-culture-based diagnostics for invasive fungal disease is clear. Several methods have been evaluated and validated for clinical use including galactomannan, beta-d-glucan, lateral flow technology, T2 magnetic resonance, PCR and others. Non-culture-based biomarkers provide more reliable negative than positive predictive values. When the prevalence…
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New insights into procathepsin D in pathological and physiological conditions.
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New oligo-beta-(1,3)-glucan derivatives as immunostimulating agents.
From VV (via email w/ AJ) Definite proof that natural glucan can be substituted with synthetic glucan-based oligosaccharides.
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Non-digestible long chain beta glucans as novel prebiotics.
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Non-Starch Polysaccharides in Durum Wheat: A Review.
The characterisation of specific plant materials and the release of the durum wheat genome sequences, together with the development of more accurate classes of DNA-based markers and consensus maps, have allowed the identification of important genes involved in the control of (1,3;1,4)-β-glucan and arabinoxylan biosynthesis. Many QTL region have been…
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Normal human fibroblasts express pattern recognition receptors for fungal (1-3)-β-D-glucans.
Fungal cell wall glucans nonspecifically stimulate various aspects of innate immunity. Glucans are thought to mediate their effects via interaction with membrane receptors on macrophages, neutrophils, and NK cells. There have been no reports of glucan receptors on nonimmune cells. We investigated the binding of a water-soluble glucan in primary…
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Novel immunomodulators with pronounced in vivo effects caused by stimulation…
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Nutraceutical functions of beta-glucans in human nutrition
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Oat beta-glucan increases bile acid excretion and a fiber-rich barley…
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether oat beta-glucan is responsible for the increased bile acid excretion previously observed with oat-fiber diets.
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Oat beta-glucan reduces blood cholesterol concentration in hypercholesterolemic subjects
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Oat bran lowers plasma cholesterol levels in mildly hypercholesterolemic men
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Oat β-glucan effects on neutrophil respiratory burst activity following exercise.
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Oat-derived beta-glucan significantly improves HDLC anddiminishes LDLC and non-HDL cholesterol…
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Oligo-β-(1 → 3)-glucans: impact of thio-bridges on immunostimulating activities and…
Synthesis of beta glucan
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Optimizing Tumor Microenvironment for Cancer Immunotherapy: β-Glucan-Based Nanoparticles.
Emerging data suggest that the TME can be actively manipulated by β-glucans and their related nanoparticles. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms of conditioning TME using β-glucan and β-glucan-based nanoparticles, and how this strategy enables future design of optimal combination cancer immunotherapies.
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Oral (1-->3),(1-->4)-beta-D-glucan synergizes with antiganglioside GD2 monoclonal antibody 3F8 in…
We tested if (1-->3),(1-->4)-beta-D-glucan (beta-glucan) can synergize with anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 3F8 (mouse IgG3) in therapy of human neuroblastoma xenografts.
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Oral administration of a soluble 1-3, 1-6 β-glucan during prophylactic…
Our data reveal a beneficial effect of beta-(1-3), (1-6)-D-glucan in tumor growth inhibition by tumor-specific peptide vaccination which may rely on a function of the polymeric sugar as immunological adjuvant.
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Oral beta-glucan adjuvant therapy converts nonprotective Th2 response to protective…
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Oral delivery and gastrointestinal absorption ofsoluble glucans stimulate increased resistance…
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Oral Supplementation with Baker's Yeast Beta Glucan Is Associated with…
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Oral β-glucan reduces infarction size and improves contractile function in…
Oral β-glucan pretreatment reduces infarction size and improves regional contractile function in a porcine ischaemia/reperfusion model.
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Oraladministration of paramylon, a beta-1,3,-D-glucan isolated fromEuglena gracilis Z inhibits…
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Orally administered marine (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan Phycarine stimulates both humoral and cellular…
The aim of this study was to evaluate both intraperitoneal and oral application of seaweed-derived (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan Phycarine.
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Orally administered salecan ameliorates methotrexate-induced intestinal mucositis in mice.
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Orally-Administered Yeast β1,3-glucan Prophylactically Protects Against Anthrax Infection and Cancer…
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Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) reduces the activity of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl CoA…
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Oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) reduces the production and secretion of…
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Passive transfer of poly-(1-6)-beta-glucotriosyl-(1-3)-beta-glucopyranose glucan protection against lethal infection in…
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Persistent complement activation on tumor cells in breast cancer.
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Phagocytosis of beta-1,3-D-glucan-derivatized microbeads by mouse peritoneal macrophages involves three…
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Physicochemical properties and antitumor activities of carboxymethylated derivatives of glucan…
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Physiological effects of different types of beta-glucan.
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Phytochemicals inhibit the immunosuppressive functions of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC):…
Traditional herbal medicine has provided natural remedies against cancers and many age-related inflammatory diseases for thousands of years. Modern drug discovery techniques have revealed several active ingredients and their medicinal targets have been characterized. Concurrently, there has been great progress in understanding the pathological mechanisms underpinning cancers and inflammatory diseases.…
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Placebo-driven clinical trials of transfer point glucan #300 in children…
on the antibody production in glucan-supplemented children with chronic respiratory problems.
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Placebo-driven clinical trials of yeast-derived β-(1-3) glucan in children with…
From VV (via email w/ AJ) First of the whole series of clinical trials evaluating the effects of short-term glucan supplementation in children
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PLACEBO-DRIVEN CLINICALTRIALS OF TRANSFER POINT GLUCAN #300IN CHILDREN WITH CHRONIC…
The role of glucan in stimulation of immune reactions has been well-established. In this report, we focused
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Plasma lipid changes after supplementation with beta-glucan fiber from yeast
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect on serum lipids of a yeast-derived beta-glucan fiber in 15 free-living, obese, hypercholesterolemic men.
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Pleiotropic effects of cathepsin D.
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Pleurotus mushrooms. Part II. Chemical composition, nutritional value, post-harvest physiology,…
The fruit bodies of Pleurotus species as a class of "Edible Fungal Foods" have been discovered to have definite nutritive and medicinal values.
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Pneumocystis jirovecii Pneumonia in a Patient with Breast Cancer Receiving…
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Polysaccharide-Rich Fractions from Rosa rugosa Thunb.-Composition and Chemopreventive Potential.
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Positive effects of oral β-glucan on mucositis and leukopenia in…
The present study aimed to determine the effect of oral β-glucan on mucositis and leukopenia in 62 consecutive patients with colorectal cancer treated with an adjuvant FOLFOX-4 regimen.
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Postirradiation glucan administration enhances the radioprotective effects of WR-2721
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Postoperative long term chemotherapy for advanced gastric cancer.
A postoperative long term chemotherapy was carried out against stage IV gastric cancer with Mitomycin-C, Futraful and a plant polysaccharide, PS-K.
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Postprandial lipid, glucose, insulin, and cholecystokinin responses in men fed…
Fiber regulates the rate and site of lipid and carbohydrate digestion and absorption and thus can modify the alimentary responses to a meal. When fiber sources containing viscous polysaccharides are included in a meal, a slower rate of carbohydrate and lipid absorption will modify the alimentary hormone and lipid responses.
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Potential of the beta-glucans to enhance innate resistance to biological…
The use of numerous mushroom species in traditional medicine has been widely documented, with their observed immunomodulatory effects now attributed, in part, to bioactive components called beta-glucans. The beta-glucans are of particular interest since they are naturally occurring polymers of glucose, are orally active when taken as food supplements and…
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Preclinical and clinical studies of Coriolus versicolor polysaccharopeptide as an…
In this article, the results of PSP-related preclinical and clinical studies conducted in China from over 40 independent studies during the past 40 years based on searching the Chinese VIP, CNKI, and Wanfang databases are presented. Its immunomodulatory and anti-tumor molecular mechanisms are also summarized. PSP activates immune cells, increases…
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Procathepsin D and cytokines influence the proliferation of lung cancer…
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Procathepsin D as a tumor marker, anti-cancer drug or screening…
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Procathepsin D expression correlates with invasive and metastatic phenotype of…
Procathepsin D (pCD) is a glycoprotein secreted abundantly by cancerous cells with a documented role in tumor development.
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Procathepsin D in breast cancer: what do we know? Effects…
In this paper, the effects of Procathepsin D (pCD) were evaluated by proliferation in vitro and by mouse studies in vivo.
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Procathepsin D secreted by HaCaT keratinocyte cells - A novel…
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Production of interleukin-10 in asthmatic children after Beta-1-3-glucan.
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Prophylactic anti-infective activity of poly-[1-6]-β-D-glucopyranosyl-[1-3]-β-Dglucopyranose glucan in guinea pig model…
The judicious use of perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis reduces the infectious complications of surgery. However, increased bacterial resistance within hospitals may make antibiotic prophylaxis less effective in the future and alternative strategies are needed. New immunomodulatory agents might prevent wound infections by stimulation of the host immune system.
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Prophylactic effects of humic acid-glucan combination against experimental liver injury.
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Prostate cancer and the influence of dietary factors andsupplements: A…
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Protection against experimental intraabdominal sepsis by two polysaccharide immunomodulators
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Protective effect of beta-glucan against mycobacterium bovis, BCG infection in…
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Protective effect of beta-glucan against systemic Streptococcus pneumoniae infection in…
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Protective effect of glucan against visceral leishmaniasis in hamsters
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Protective effect of nonspecific immunostimulation in postsplenectomy sepsis
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Protective effect of schizophyllan on Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection of mouse…
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Protective effect of β-glucan against oxidative organ injury in a…
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Protective effects of β-glucan against oxidative injury induced by 2.45-GHz…
The present study demonstrated the role of oxidative mechanisms in EMR-induced skin tissue damages and that β-glucan could ameliorate oxidative skin injury via its antioxidant properties.
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Protein-Bound β-glucan from Coriolus Versicolor has Potential for Use Against…
The prevalence of obesity and related disorders has vastly increased throughout the world and prevention of such circumstances thus represents a major challenge. Here, it has been shown that one protein-bound β-glucan (PBG) from the edible mushroom Coriolus versicolor can be a potent anti-obesity component.
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Pulmonary inflammation-induced by repeated inhalations of beta(1,3)-D-glucan and endotoxin.
In an animal model of hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) guinea-pigs were exposed for 5 weeks to an aerosol of bacterial endotoxin, beta(1,3)-D-glucan (curdlan) or a combination.
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Radioprotection by biological response modifiers alone and in combination with…
Not available
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Radioprotection by polysaccharides alone and in combination with aminothiols
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Randomised phase III study of S-1 alone versus S-1 plus…
Eligible patients were randomly assigned to receive S-1 alone or S-1 plus LNT. The primary end-point was overall survival (OS). Secondary end-points were time-to-treatment failure (TTF), overall response rate (ORR), safety, quality of life (QOL), and biomarker. The percentages of LNT-binding monocytes in peripheral blood prior to treatment were analysed…
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Randomized phase I/II trial of a macrophage-specificimmunomodulatory (PGG-glucan) in high-risk…
PGG-glucan is safe and appears to be effective in the further reduction of the morbidity and cost of major surgery
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Randomized, controlled, crossover trial of oat bran in hypercholesterolemic subjects
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Rapid tumor regression and induction of tumor-regressing activity in serum…
A rapid decrease in the number of tumor cells from S180 tumors was caused by several antitumor polysaccharides including the beta (1-3)glucans lentinan and TAK-N and a mannoglucan MGA, but not by those lacking antitumor activity.
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Recent Advances in Chain Conformation and Bioactivities of Triple-Helix Polysaccharides.
In this Review, the recent research progress of chain conformations, bioactivities, and structure-function relationships of triple-helix β-glucans is summarized.
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Reconstruction of NK Cells During Complex Cancer Treatment Journal of…
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Reduced and high molecular weight barley beta-glucans decrease plasma total…
Study results demonstrate that the cholesterol-lowering activity of barley beta-glucan may occur at both lower and higher MW.
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Reduced serum cholesterol with dietary change using fat-modified and oat…
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Reduction of infection-stimulated periapical boneresorption by the biological response modifier…
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Reduction of short-term radiation lethality by biological response modifiers given…
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Regulation of apoptotic pathways during endometriosis: from the molecular basis…
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Regulation of cholesterol metabolism with dietary addition of oyster mushrooms…
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Regulation of CR3 (CD11b/CD18)-dependent natural killer (NK) cell cytotoxicity by…
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Regulation of Hematopoiesis in Cancer Patients: Placebo-Driven, Double-Blind Clinical Trials…
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Relationship between conformation and biological response for (1----3)-beta-D-glucans in the…
The relationship between the conformation of (1----3)-beta-D-glucans in gel or hydrated form and the stimulation of two types of biological responses, namely, activation of coagulation Factor G from limulus amebocyte lysate (LAL) and host-mediated antitumor activity was examined.
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Relationship between the tissue distribution and antitumor activity of highly…
Distribution of 3H-labeled (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan([3H]SSG) obtained from the culture filtrate of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum IFO 9395, in various tissues in tumor-bearing mice was examined.
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Resveratrol pluscarboxymethyl-b-glucan in children with recurrent respiratoryinfections: a preliminary and…
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Reversal of perfluorooctanesulfonate-induced immunotoxicity by a glucan-resveratrol-vitamin C combination
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Ribozyme-targeting procathepsin D and its effect on invasion and growth…
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Risk factors of invasive candidiasis in critical cancer patients after…
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Rituximab therapy of lymphoma is enhanced by orallyadministered (1-3), (1-4)-D-β-glucan.
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Role of activation peptide of procathepsin D in proliferation and…
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Role of dietary beta-glucans in the prevention of themetabolic syndrome.
The present review examines the evidence regarding the effect of β-glucan on variables linked to the metabolic syndrome (MetS), including appetite control, glucose control, hypertension, and gut microbiota composition.
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Role of enzymatically inactive procathepsin D in lung cancer.
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Role of oyster mushroom (Pleurotus florida) as hypocholesterolemic/antiatherogenic agent
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Secretion of cytokines in breast cancer cells: the molecular mechanism…
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Shaping the Innate Immune Response by Dietary Glucans: Any Role…
β-glucans represent a heterogeneous group of naturally occurring and biologically active polysaccharides found in many kinds of edible mushrooms, baker's yeast, cereals and seaweeds, whose health-promoting effects have been known since ancient times. These compounds can be taken orally as food supplements or as part of daily diets, and are…
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Skin health promotion effects of natural beta-glucan derived from cereals…
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Soluble beta-glucan polysaccharide binding to the lectin site of neutrophil…
When phagocyte CR3 binds to iC3b on bacteria or yeast, phagocytosis and degranulation are triggered because of simultaneous recognition of iC3b via a CD11b I-domain binding site and specific microbial polysaccharides via a lectin site located COOH-terminal to the I-domain. By contrast, when phagocyte or natural killer (NK) cell CR3…
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Soluble polyglycans enhance recovery from cobalt-60--induced hemopoietic injury
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Soluble β-1,3/1,6-glucan from yeast inhibitsexperimental periodontal disease in Wistar rats.
Soluble beta-1,3/1,6-glucan administered by the oral route diminishes ligature-induced periodontal bone loss in this model. This effect may be attributable to the well documented ability of beta-1,3/1,6-glucan to stimulate macrophage phagocytosis and to skew the T helper (Th)1/Th2 balance towards Th1 and T regulatory responses. The HPA axis may play…
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Spatial Distribution of Glucan Type and Content between Caps and…
Pleurotus eryngii is recognized for its prominent nutritional and medicinal value. In our study, we tested the effect of glucans on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of TNF-α. We demonstrated that glucan extracts are more effective than mill mushroom preparations.
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Stimulated hemopoiesis and enhanced survival following glucan treatment in sublethally…
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Structural studies of a water insoluble β-glucan from Pleurotus djamor…
A water insoluble β-glucan (PS), with molecular mass ∼9.16 × 104 Da was isolated from the 4% alkaline extract of an edible mushroom, Pleurotus djamor and found to consist of (1→3)-β-d-glucopyranosyl moiety.
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Structurally different mixed linkage β-glucan supplements differentially increase secondary bile…
to evaluate the possible effects of a combination of glucan and vitamin C on immunosuppression caused
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Study of new ways of supplementary and combinatory therapy of…
IMG administration had a positive immunomodulating effect on all cytokine plasma levels measured, changed markedly due to arthritis progression. Thus, IMG may be considered as a candidate for combinatorial therapy of rheumatoid arthritis.
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Sugar and dietary fibre composition influence, by different hormonal response,…
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Summary for Clinicians: Microbiological Laboratory Testing in the Diagnosis of…
Evidence-based guidelines for the use of microbiological laboratory testing for the diagnosis of fungal infections in pulmonary and critical care were recently published by a multidisciplinary committee of experts on behalf of the American Thoracic Society (1). A systematic review of the literature pertaining to the use of microbiological, serological,…
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Supplemental vitamin C and yeast cell wall β-glucan as growthenhancers…
To test possible dietary immune modulators, 32 crossbred male pigs were given 1 of 4 dietary treatments (8 pigs/treatment): control, Saccharomyces cerevisiae with beta-glucan (Energy Plus, Natural Chem Industries LTD, Houston, TX; 0.312 g/kg of BW, 2.5% of diet), vitamin C (Stay C 35, DSM Nutritional Products Inc., Prisippany, NJ;…
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Suppressing effects of glucan on micronuclei induced by Co60 in…
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Survival enhancement and hemopoietic regeneration following radiation exposure: therapeutic approach…
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Synergism between poly-(1-6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-3)-beta-D-glucopyranose glucan and cefazolin in prophylaxis of staphylococcal…
To determine whether the infection-preventing capability of the neutrophil-activating agent poly-(1-6)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-3)-beta-D-glucopyranose glucan (PGG-glucan) can be enhanced with antibiotic prophylaxis, we administered PGG-glucan and cefazolin, alone and in combination, to guinea pigs inoculated with isolates of staphylococci.
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Synergistic effect of nonspecific immunostimulation and antibiotics in experimental peritonitis
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Synergistic effects of glucan and resveratrol
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Synthesis and Evaluation of 1,5-Dithia-d-laminaribiose, Triose, and Tetraose as Truncated…
The preparation and characterization of a series of di-, tri-, and tetrasaccharide analogues of β-(1→3)-glucans is described in which each pyranoside ring is replaced by a 5-thiopyranosyl ring and each glycosidic oxygen by a thioether. These oligomeric 1,5-dithio-d-glucopyranose derivatives were shown to inhibit the staining of human neutrophils and of…
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Synthesis and evaluation of di- and trimeric hydroxylamine-based β-(1→3)-glucan mimetics.
Overview of the chemical structure of beta glucan mimetics.
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Synthesis and Evaluation of Oligomeric Thioether-Linked Carbacyclic β-(1→3)-Glucan Mimetics.
Extrapolating from lessons learnt with previous low-molecular-weight β-(1→3)-glucan mimetics, we designed a series of minimal 2,4-dideoxy-thioether-linked carbacyclic β-(1→3)-glucan mimetics and synthesized di-, tri-, and tetramers in an enantiomerically pure form by an iterative sequence based on a simple building block readily available from commercial ( S)-(-)-3-cyclohexenecarboxylic acid.
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Synthetic oligosacharides--clinical application in cancer therapy.
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Targeting of NK cells to mammary carcinoma via naturally occurringtumor…
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The adjuvant effect of Sophy beta-glucan to the antibody response…
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The beneficial effect of enhanced macrophage function on the healing…
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The beta-glucan-binding lectin site of mouse CR3 (CD11b/CD18) and its…
Mouse leukocyte CR3 (Mac-1, alphaMbeta2 integrin) was shown to function as a receptor for beta-glucans in the same way as human CR3.
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The biological activities of the antitumor drug Grifola frondosa polysaccharide.
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The Chemistry, Pharmacology and Therapeutic Potential of the Edible Mushroom…
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The clinical management of invasive mold infection in children with…
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The Complexity of Fungal β-Glucan in Health and Disease: Effects…
Several experimental evidences have demonstrated a crucial role for β-glucan in the host–pathogen interaction during infections. Moreover, considerable efforts have been made to understand the cellular and molecular mechanisms of action of β-glucan in fungal pathogenesis as well as how it promotes a phagocytic-mediated immune response. Similarly, administration of fungal…
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The effect of free radicals from non-parenchymal cells (NPC) of…
Tumor cells (AH130 hepatoma cell originated from rat) were injected intraportally into Donryu rats to produce liver metastases 21 days later. Phagocyte cells activity was depressed by the administration of Silica, which significantly increased the number of surface liver metastases.
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The effect of maitake mushrooms on liver and serum lipids
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The effect of nonspecific immunostimulation of pregnant mareswith 1,3/1,6 glucan…
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The effect of splenectomy on Escherichia coli sepsis and its…
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The effect of translam on the immune response of irradiated…
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The effect of translam on the natural resistance indices of…
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The effects of a highly branched beta-1,3-glucan, SSG, obtained from…
The effects of a highly branched beta-1,3-glucan, SSG, obtained from a culture filtrate of a fungus, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum IFO 9395, on the growth of syngeneic tumors and antitumor effector cells were examined.
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The effects of beta-glucan isolated from Pleurotusostrateus on methotrexate treatment…
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The effects of laminarin, sulfated glucan and oligosaccharides of glucan…
From VV (via email w/ AJ) When zymosan was examined in details, glucan was identified as the component of primary effects and its immunological effects were investigated.
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The effects of protein calorie malnutrition on immune competence of…
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The Effects of β - Glucan on Fish Immunity.
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The Effects of β-Glucan on Pig Growth and Immunity.
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The effects of β-glucans on cancer metastasis.
Beta-glucans (β-glucans), naturally occurring polysaccharides, are present as constituents of the cell wall of cereal grains, mushrooms, algae, or microbes including bacteria, fungi, and yeast. Since Pillemer et al. first prepared and investigated zymosan in the 1940s and others followed with the investigation of β-glucans in the 1960s and 1970s,…
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The hypocholesterolemic effects of beta-glucan in oatmeal and oat bran.…
A dose-dependent reduction in LDL-C levels with oat cereals supports the independent hypocholesterolemic effects of beta-glucan.
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The immunomodulatory potential of natural compounds in tumor-bearing mice and…
Cancer is considered a fetal disease caused by uncontrolled proliferation and progression of abnormal cells. The most efficient cancer therapies suppress tumor growth, prevent progression and metastasis, and are minimally toxic to normal cells. Natural compounds have shown a variety of chemo-protective effects alone or in combination with standard cancer…
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The intestinal immune system
None available
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The macrophage tetraspan MS4A4A enhances dectin-1-dependent NK cell-mediated resistance to…
MS4A4A is a tetraspan molecule selectively expressed in macrophages during differentiation and polarization, essential for dectin-1-dependent activation of NK cell-mediated resistance to metastasis.
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The mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus reduces secretion and accelerates the fractional…
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The oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) effectively prevents the development of…
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The preoperative administration of lentinan ameliorated theimpairment of natural killer…
The aim of this study was to determine whether the preoperative administration of lentinan, which is used clinically to activate T cell function in cancer patients, prevents the impairment of lymphocyte function after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).
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The propeptide of cathepsin D increases proliferation, invasion and metastasis…
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The Protective Effect of β1–3D‐Glucan‐Derivatized Plastic Beads against Escherichia coli…
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The relative abundance of oxygen alkyl-related groups in aliphatic domains…
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The role of complement in glucan-induced protection against septic shock
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The study on the immunological effect of sizofilan combined with…
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The use of glucan as immunostimulant in the treatment of…
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Thepolysaccharide, PGG-glucan, enhances human myelopoiesis by directaction independent of and…
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Therapeutic intervention with complement and beta-glucan in cancer
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Toxicological assesment of a particulate yeast (1,3/1,6)-β-D-glucanin rats.
In conclusion, no adverse or toxic effects were observed after subchronic oral administration of 2, 33.3, or 100mg/kg body weight/day of WGP 3-6 in Fisher-344 rats, and therefore, a no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of 100 mg/kg body weight/day, the highest dose tested, was determined.
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Transcription factor c-Maf is a checkpoint that programs macrophages in…
Macrophages have been linked to tumor initiation, progression, metastasis, and treatment resistance. However, the transcriptional regulation of macrophages driving the protumor function remains elusive. Here, we demonstrate that the transcription factor c-Maf is a critical controller for immunosuppressive macrophage polarization and function in cancer. c-Maf controls many M2-related genes and…
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Transfer factors in medical therapy.
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Tumor cytotoxicity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in beige mice: linkage of…
We studied the tumor cytotoxicity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN) obtained from bg/bg.
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Tumor-regressing factor induced by antitumor polysaccharide in the serum of…
A potent tumor-regressing activity was found in the serum of mice with S180 tumor undergoing rapid regression caused by antitumor polysaccharides. Beta (1-3) glucan including CM-TAK and lentinan and mannoglucan MGA induced such activity.
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Two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, dose-escalation phase 1 studies evaluating BTH1677,…
In the Phase 1a single-dosing study, subjects were randomized (3:1 per cohort) to a single intravenous (i.v.) infusion of BTH1677 at 0.5, 1, 2, 4, or 6 mg/kg or placebo, respectively. In the Phase 1b multi-dosing study, subjects were randomized (3:1 per cohort) to 7 daily i.v. infusions of BTH1677…
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Use of glucan and other immunopharmacological agents in the prevention…
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Use of glucan to enhance hemopoietic recovery after exposure to…
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Use of β glucans for drug deliveryapplication. Detrimental effects of…
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Vaccine adjuvants as potential cancer immunotherapeutics.
Recently, combinations of such immunostimulatory or immunomodulatory adjuvants have shown superior efficacy over their singular use, suggesting that seeking optimal combinations of the currently available or well-characterized adjuvants may provide a better chance for the development of novel adjuvants for cancer immunotherapy. From VV (via email w/ AJ) Description of…
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Viability of bifidobacteria strains in yogurt with added oat beta-glucan…
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Vitamin D: modulator of the immune system.
This review will discuss the complex immune-regulatory effects of 1,25(OH)(2)D(3) on immune cells as well as its role in infectious and autoimmune diseases, more in particular in tuberculosis and type 1 diabetes (T1D).
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Yeast Beta-Glucan Supplementation Downregulates Markers of Systemic Inflammation after Heated…
by influenza infection.
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Yeast whole glucan particle (WGP) beta-glucan in conjunction with antitumour…
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Yeast-derived beta-glucan augments the therapeutic efficacy mediated by anti-vascular endothelial…
In the current study, the therapeutic efficacy mediated by combining bevacizumab with yeast-derived beta-glucan was studied in human carcinoma xenograft models.
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Yeast-Derived Particulate β-Glucan Treatment Subverts the Suppression of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor…
Overall, these data indicate that WGP may be a potent immune modulator of MDSC suppressive function and differentiation in cancer.
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Yeast-Derived β-Glucan in Cancer: Novel Uses of a Traditional Therapeutic.
These new concepts, along with the emerging success of combinatorial approaches to cancer treatment involving β-glucan, suggest that β-glucan may play an essential role in future strategies to prevent and inhibit tumor growth. This review emphasizes the various characteristics of β-glucan, with an emphasis on fungal β-glucan, and highlights novel…
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β-(1→3)-Glucan-mannitol conjugates: scope and amazing results.
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β-1,3-Glucan/CR3/SYK pathway-dependent LC3B-II accumulation enhanced the fungicidal activity in human…
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β-1,3-glucangiven orally modulates immunomyelopoietic activity and enhances theresistance of tumour-bearing…
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β-glucan affects mucosal immunity in children with chronic respiratory problems…
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β-Glucan ameliorates the effects of several infections
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β-glucan as a new tool in vaccine development.
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β-Glucan enhances complement-mediated hematopietic recovery after bone marrow injury.
Myelotoxic injury in the bone marrow (BM) as a consequence of total body irradiation (TBI) or granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) mobilization results in the deposition of iC3b on BM stroma (stroma-iC3b). In the present study, we have examined how stroma-iC3b interacts with hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs) and the role of…
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β-Glucan extracts from the same edible shiitake mushroom Lentinus edodes…
Coronavirus pneumonia is accompanied by rapid virus replication, where a large number of inflammatory cell infiltration and cytokine storm may lead to acute lung injury, acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and death. The uncontrolled release of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6, is associated with ARDS. This constituted the…
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β-Glucan from barley and its lipid-lowering capacity: a meta-analysis of…
Increased consumption of barely products should be considered as a dietary approach to reduce LDL cholesterol concentrations.
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β-Glucan Improves Conditions of Chronic Fatigue in Mice by Stimulation…
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β-Glucan in invertebrates
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β-Glucan successfully stimulated the immune system in different jawed vertebrate…
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β-glucan-dependent shuttling of conidia from neutrophils to macrophages occurs during…
The initial host response to fungal pathogen invasion is critical to infection establishment and outcome. However, the diversity of leukocyte-pathogen interactions is only recently being appreciated. We describe a new form of interleukocyte conidial exchange called "shuttling."
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β-Glucan-indomethacincombination and septic shock.
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β-Glucan-mediated tumor immunotherapy –mechanisms of action and perspective.
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β-Glucans and cholesterol (Review).
The current review discusses the evidence supporting the effects of β‑glucans on cholesterol levels.
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β-Glucans and Dectin-1.
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β-Glucans and their applications in cancer therapy: focus on human…
β-glucans belong to a group of polysaccharides located in the cell wall of bacteria, fungi including mushrooms, as well as cereals such as barley and oats. All β-glucans are glucose polymers linked together by a (β 1-3) linear β-glycosidic chain core and they differ by their length and branching structures.…
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β-Glucans as Natural Biological ResponseModifiers.
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β-glucans as potential immunoadjuvants: A review on the adjuvanticity, structure-activity…
β-glucans, a group of polysaccharides exist in many organism species such as mushrooms, yeasts, oats, barley, seaweed, but not mammalians, have a variety of biological activities and applications in drugs and other healthcare products. In recent years, β-glucans have been studied as adjuvants in anti-infection vaccines as well as immunomodulators…
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β-Glucans in promoting health: prevention against mutation and cancer.
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β(1-3)-D-glucan affects adipogenesis, wound healing and inflammation
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β(1-3)(1-6)-D-glucans modulate immune status in pigs: potential importance for efficiency…
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β1, 3-Glucan: silver bullet or hot air?
The aim of this study was to compare different kinds of beta glucans and their immunomodulatory activities.
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β1,3-glucan anticancer efficacies and synergies: A review
β1,3-glucans from fungi, cereals, seaweeds and bacteria have been shown to possess favourable biological and anti-carcinogenic activities including upregulation of phagocytosis, cytokine production enhancement, superoxide and nitrite production; antibody secretion and stimulation of signalling pathways associated with proto-oncogene expression.
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Neutral and modified (1-3)-β-D-glucans in healthpromotion and disease alleviation.
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Immunotoxicity of soluble β-glucans induced by indomethacintreatment.
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Beta-1,3-D-glucan, its immune effects and itsclinical use.
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Effect of tylosinand prebiotics on the selected humoral immunological parameters…
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Effect of high beta-glucan barley onserum choilesterol concentrations and visceral…
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Medicinal plants of genus Curculigo: Traditional uses and aphytochemical and…
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Prebiotic potential of barley derived beta-glucan inlow intake levels: A…
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Intravenously administered (1->3)-β-D-glucan, SSG, obtained from Sclerotinia sclerotiorum IFO 9395…
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Efficacy of oral administered superfine dispersed lentinan for advanced pancreatic…
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Toxicological assessment of b-1(1-6)-glucan (Lasiodiplodan) in miceduring a 28-day feeding…
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Effects of carboxymethyl-glucan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae on the peripheral blood…
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Glucans from fruit bodiesof cultivated mushrooms Pleurotus ostreatus and Pleurotus…
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Allergy and the gastrointestinal system.
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The anatomic basis of intestinal immunity.
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Protective effects on N-acetylcysteine and beta-glucan pretreatment on oxidative stress…
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Glucan phosphate treatment attenuates burn-induced inflammation and improves resistance to…
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Modulation of intestinal inflammation by yeasts and cell wall extracts:…
Yeasts and their glycan components can have a beneficial or adverse effect on intestinal inflammation. Previous research has shown that the presence of Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii (Sb) reduces intestinal inflammation and colonization by Candida albicans. The aim of this study was to identify dietary yeasts, which have comparable effects…
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Immunomodulatory effect of glucan on specific and nonspecific immunity after…
The objective of the study was to determine the immunostimulatory effect of β-(1,3/1,6)-D-glucan in puppies.
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Sulfated modification can enhance the adjuvanticity oflentinan and improve the…
The purpose of this research is to study the effect of sulfated lentinan (sLNT) on immune effect of Newcastle disease (ND) vaccine.
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Immunopharmacological study of sulfated schizophyllan (SPG). I. Its action as…
Sulfated schizophyllans of differing sulfur content were prepared and their mitogenic activities and effects on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were investigated in vitro.
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β-Glucan functions as an adjuvant for monoclonal antibody immunotherapy by…
The tumor-killing mechanisms available to monoclonal antibodies (mAbs; e.g., antagonism of growth factor receptors, antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity) limit efficacy. Previous studies suggested that i.v. beta-glucan might function as an adjuvant for antitumor mAbs.
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Barley-derived β-glucans increased gut permeability, ex vivo epithelial cell binding…
Weaning in young animals is associated with an increased incidence of gastrointestinal infections. β-glucans exert numerous physiological effects, including altering immune function. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of feeding barley (Hordeum vulgare L.)-derived β-glucans on immune and intestinal function in weanling pigs (Sus scrofa).
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Hsp70 inhibits lipopolysaccharide-induced NFkappaBactivation by interacting with TRAF6 and inhibiting…
Taken together, these findings indicate that Hsp70 inhibits LPS-induced NF-kappaB activation by binding TRAF6 and preventing its ubiquitination, and results in inhibition of inflammatory mediator production, which provides a new insight for analyzing the effects of Hsp70 on LPS-triggered inflammatory signal transduction pathways.
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Structure of a β-glucan from Grifola frondosa and its antitumoreffects…
A soluble homogeneous β-glucan, GFPBW1, with a molecular mass of 300 kDa was purified from the fraction of the fruit bodies of Grifola frondosa extracted with 5% NaOH. Using various methods, such as infrared spectroscopy, NMR, methylation and monosaccharide composition analysis, its structure was determined to be a β-D-(1-3)-linked glucan…
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β-Glucan induces reactive oxygen species production in human neutrophils to…
The effects of β-glucan appeared to be mainly related to the activation of reactive oxygen species and modulation of cytokine release.
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Comparison of immunological effects of commercially available beta glucan
In the present paper, fifteen varieties of glucans differing in source and solubility were tested. There was no direct connection between source and immunological effects was found. The conclusion was that the best glucans have pleiotropic effects stimulating all facets of immunological reactions, whereas other glucans have low effects or…
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Efficacy test of Polycan, a beta-glucan originated from Aureobasidium pullulans…
The object of this study was to assess the efficacy of Polycan from Aureobasidium pullulans SM-2001, which is composed mostly of beta-1,3-1,6-glucan, on osteoarthritis (OA)-induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection and partial medial meniscectomy (ACLT&PMM).
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Antitumor effect of a peptideglucan preparation extracted from Agaricus blazei…
The antitumor effect of extracts obtained from the fruit body of Agaricus blazei Murill was examined in a double-grafted tumor system, in which BALB/c mice received simultaneous intradermal injections of Meth-A tumor cells in both the right (10(6) cells) and left flank (2 x 10(5) cells), and were then injected…
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Foliar application of β-D-glucan nanoparticles to control rhizome rot disease…
GNPs could be used as an effective resistance activator in turmeric for control of rhizome rot disease.
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Potentiating effects of β-glucans on photodynamic therapy of implanted cancer…
The present findings show that beta-glucans enhance the tumor response to PDT, resulting in pronounced necrosis of PDT-treated tumors and suppression of the DNA damage repair system.
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